兔大腸桿菌病菌對外界環(huán)境有中等抵抗力。它們可以在60C 的溫度下15 分鐘內(nèi)被殺死，并且可以在水中存活數(shù)周數(shù)月。一般劑可以很快殺死它們。讓我們來學(xué)習(xí)一下如何兔子大腸桿菌病。

　　Rabbit Escherichia coli bacteria have moderate resistance to the external environment. They can be killed within 15 minutes at a temperature of 60C and can survive in water for weeks to months. Generally, disinfectants can quickly kill them. Let's learn how to treat rabbit colibacillosis.

　　1、兔大腸桿菌病的方法

　　1. Treatment methods for rabbit colibacillosis

　　（1）抗生素：鏈霉素，肌肉注射，每公斤體重20毫克，每日2次，連用3-5天；慶大霉素，每只兔10000-20000單位，每天2次，肌肉注射，連用3-5天；多粘菌素，每只兔25萬單位，每日2次，肌內(nèi)注射，連用3-5天；也可使用其他抗生素進(jìn)行對癥。

　　(1) Antibiotic treatment: Streptomycin, intramuscular injection, 20 milligrams per kilogram of body weight, twice a day, for 3-5 consecutive days; Gentamicin, 10000-20000 units per rabbit, administered twice daily via intramuscular injection for 3-5 consecutive days; Polymyxin, 250000 units per rabbit, injected intramuscularly twice a day for 3-5 consecutive days; Other antibiotics can also be used for symptomatic treatment.

　　(2)磺胺療法：磺胺脒0.1-0.2克/公斤體重，呋喃唑啉0.01-0.015克/公斤體重，瓜蔞酵母1-2片，三者混合口服或混勻，2-3次每日一次，連續(xù)使用3次-4天。

　　(2) Sulfonamide therapy: sulfonamide 0.1-0.2 g/kg body weight, furazoline 0.01-0.015 g/kg body weight, 1-2 tablets of Trichosanthes yeast, mixed orally or evenly, 2-3 times daily, used continuously for 3-4 days.

　　(3)益生菌：每只兔子每天口服益生菌液2毫升(約10億個活菌)。一般服3次即可痊愈。

　　(3) Probiotic treatment: Each rabbit takes 2 milliliters of probiotic solution orally per day (approximately 1 billion live bacteria). Generally, taking it three times can cure it.

　　(4)大蒜酊療法：每只家兔口服大蒜酊23毫升，每日2次，連用35天，即可疾病。

　　(4) Garlic tincture therapy: Each rabbit takes 23 milliliters of garlic tincture orally, twice a day, for 35 consecutive days, which can cure the disease.

　　2、本病診療失誤的主要原因

　　2. The main causes of diagnosis and treatment errors in this disease

　　兔大腸桿菌病、沙門氏菌病、泰澤病均以腹瀉為主，易感階段基本一致，急性死亡無任何癥狀，是誤診的主要原因。

　　Rabbit colibacillosis, salmonellosis, and Taize disease are mainly characterized by diarrhea, with similar susceptibility stages. Acute death has no symptoms and is the main cause of misdiagnosis.

　　(1)尸檢的區(qū)別是沙門氏菌肝臟有散在或彌漫性、針頭大小、灰白色壞死病灶，腰突粘膜有彌漫性、淺灰色、粟粒大小特征性病灶。如果將疾病材料接種到麥康凱瓊脂平板上，它會呈現(xiàn)粉紅色，較大的菌落將是大腸桿菌。如果疾病物質(zhì)是無色、透明或半透明的，則較小的菌落將是沙門氏菌。

　　(1) The difference in autopsy is that Salmonella liver has scattered or diffuse, needle sized, gray white necrotic lesions, while the lumbar mucosa has diffuse, light gray, millet sized characteristic lesions. If the disease material is inoculated onto a MacConkey agar plate, it will appear pink and the larger colonies will be Escherichia coli. If the disease substance is colorless, transparent, or semi transparent, the smaller colonies will be Salmonella.

　　(2)泰澤病家兔糞便呈褐色、水樣。尸檢發(fā)現(xiàn)肝臟，特別是靠近肛靜脈的肝小葉和心肌有灰白色針狀或條狀病變，為泰澤病的特征性病變。將病料接種到麥康凱瓊脂培養(yǎng)基上，泰澤病陰性。吉姆薩染色后病材涂片中可見毛狀芽孢桿菌簇。

　　(2) The feces of Taize sick rabbits are brown and watery. Autopsy revealed gray white needle like or strip-shaped lesions in the liver, especially in the liver lobules and myocardium near the anal vein, which are characteristic lesions of Taize disease. Inoculate the disease material onto MacConkey agar medium and test negative for Taize disease. After Giemsa staining, clusters of Bacillus subtilis can be seen in the smear of the diseased material.

　　3、兔大腸桿菌病案例

　　3. Case study on the treatment of rabbit colibacillosis

　　一位農(nóng)民飼養(yǎng)了200只長毛兔。病兔腹部腫脹，糞便呈小串狀，上面覆蓋著透明的果凍狀粘液，隨后出現(xiàn)水樣腹瀉。尸檢：空腸、回腸、盲腸內(nèi)有半透明膠狀液體。尤其是結(jié)腸擴張時，有明顯的透明果凍狀粘液。經(jīng)過慶大霉素和其他相關(guān)抗生素，患者很快康復(fù)。

　　A farmer raised 200 long haired rabbits. The abdomen of the sick rabbit is swollen, with small clumps of feces covered in transparent jelly like mucus, followed by watery diarrhea. Autopsy: There is a semi transparent gelatinous fluid in the jejunum, ileum, and cecum. Especially when the colon is dilated, there is a clear jelly like mucus. After treatment with gentamicin and other related antibiotics, the patient recovered quickly.

　　【分析】大腸桿菌病是家兔常見的疾病。關(guān)鍵在于管理好、經(jīng)常。診斷的主要依據(jù)是結(jié)腸內(nèi)存在透明果凍狀粘液。

　　【 Analysis 】 Escherichia coli disease is the most common disease in rabbits. The key is to manage well and disinfect regularly. The main basis for diagnosis is the presence of transparent jelly like mucus in the colon.

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